PLUVIOSOST (MICINN. Ref. CTM2010-17365)
Proyecto financiado por el Ministerio
de Ciencia y Innovación
Grupo de investigación Sostenipra. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA).
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
Investigador principal: Dr Xavier Gabarrell Durany (UAB)
Investigadores responsables de tareas: Dr Xavier Gabarrell Durany (UAB), Dr Joan Rieradevall Pons(UAB), Dr Maria Rosa Rovira Val (UAB), Dr. Diego Varga Linde (udG), Dr Gara Villalba Méndez (UAB).
Colaboradores: Dr Alejandro Josa (UPC), Dr Carles Martínez Gasol (Inèdit), Dr Ramon Farreny (Inèdit)
Resultados
ARTÍCULOS del grupo de investigación:
EPOs: ACA, Diputación de Barcelona, Inèdit Innovació, Aquaespaña, Asociación Española de Empresas de Tratamiento y Control del Agua, CLABSA, Grau i Molist Arquitectura.
Reunión de seguimiento con las EPOs: 22 de Junio 2011.
Presentación general del proyecto, montajes experimentales y inventarios ACV
PLUVIOSOST: Análisis ambiental del aprovechamiento de las aguas pluviales urbanas.
Análisis exergético:
Análisis integrado, introducción al
Mives (UPC) :
Modelo de aguas pluviales:
cuantificación del recurso y posibilidades de aprovechamiento:
Reunión de seguimiento con las EPOs: 21 de Noviembre de 2011.
Introducción (Dr Xavier Gabarrell)
Acciones en curso
Análisis exergético (Violeta Vargas):
Calidad del recurso, resultados
preliminares de las zonas piloto (Sara Angrill)
PluGriSost versión Beta: Modelo dinámica de flujos de agua para uso doméstico, con énfasis en aprovechamiento de fuentes no convencionales (pluviales, grises).
El programario PluGriSost es un modelo que integra diferentes herramientas metodológicas que evalúan el potencial, el coste y el impacto ambiental de diferentes alternativas de suministro de agua para uso urbano. Este trabajo se presenta como una herramienta de modelación que pretende contribuir con el planeamiento urbano y en especial con el desarrollo de proyectos urbanísticos futuros.
Versión de pruebas disponible, puede solicitarla al coordinador del proyecto.
El software y la documentación de soporte de PluGriSost, es resultado de las investigaciones desarrolladas por el Grupo de Investigación Sostenipra (ICTA-IRTA-Inèdit) de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (España) y el Grupo de Investigación Gestión Ambiental Territorial (GAT), Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira (Colombia).
ARTÍCULOS del grupo de investigación:
La Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (FECYT) reconoce el trabajo de los investigadores de inèdit 22-10-2011
El Servicio de Información y Noticias Científicas de la FECYT ha publicado una noticia y un vídeo sobre el trabajo desarrollado por investigadores de Sostenipra acerca del potencial de aprovechamiento de las aguas pluviales en entornos urbanos. Se puede consultar la noticia y vídeo aquí
Artículos científicos:
- Roof selection for rainwater harvesting: Quantity and quality assessments in Spain
2011, WATER RESEARCH - ISSN: 0043-1354 - DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2011.03.036
Ramon Farreny, Tito Morales-Pinzón, Albert Guisasola, Carlota Tayà, Joan Rieradevall, Xavier Gabarrell
Abstract
Roofs are the first candidates for rainwater harvesting in urban areas.
This research integrates quantitative and qualitative data of rooftop
stormwater runoff in an urban Mediterranean-weather environment. The
objective of this paper is to provide criteria for the roof selection in
order to maximise the availability and quality of rainwater. Four roofs
have been selected and monitored over a period of 2 years (2008-2010):
three sloping roofs -clay tiles, metal sheet and polycarbonate plastic -
and one flat gravel roof. The authors offer a model for the estimation
of the runoff volume and the initial abstraction of each roof, and
assess the physicochemical contamination of roof runoff. Great
differences in the runoff coefficient (RC) are observed, depending
mostly on the slope and the roughness of the roof. Thus, sloping smooth
roofs (RC > 0.90) may harvest up to about 50% more rainwater than flat
rough roofs (RC = 0.62). Physicochemical runoff quality appears to be
generally better than the average quality found in the literature review
(conductivity: 85.0 ± 10.0 mS/cm, total suspended solids: 5.98 ± 0.95 mg/L,
total organic carbon: 11.6 ± 1.7 mg/L, pH: 7.59 ± 0.07 upH). However,
statistically significant differences are found between sloping and flat
rough roofs for some parameters (conductivity, total organic carbon,
total carbonates system and ammonium), with the former presenting better
quality in all parameters (except for ammonium). The results have an
important significance for local governments and urban planners in the (re)design
of buildings and cities from the perspective of sustainable rainwater
management. The inclusion of criteria related to the roof’s slope and
roughness in city planning may be useful to promote rainwater as an
alternative water supply while preventing flooding and water scarcity.
- Cost-efficiency of Rainwater Harvesting Strategies in Dense Mediterranean Neighbourhoods
2011, Resources, Conservation and Recycling - ISSN: 921-3449 - DOI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.01.008
Farreny R, Gabarrell X, Rieradevall J.
Abstract
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) presents many benefits for urban
sustainability and it is emerging as a key strategy in order to cope
with water scarcity in cities. However, there is still a lack of
knowledge regarding the most adequate scale in financial terms for RWH
infrastructures particularly in dense areas. The aim of this research is
to answer this question by analysing the cost-efficiency of several RWH
strategies in urban environments. The research is based on a case study
consisting of a neighbourhood of dense social housing (600 inhabitants/ha)
with multi-storey buildings. The neighbourhood is located in the city of
Granollers (Spain), which has a Mediterranean climate (average rainfall
650 mm/year). Four strategies are defined according to the spatial scale
of implementation and the moment of RWH infrastructure construction (building/neighbourhood
scale and retrofit action vs. new construction). Two scenarios of water
prices have been considered (current water prices and future increased
water prices under the EU Water Framework Directive). In order to
evaluate the cost-efficiency of these strategies, the necessary
rainwater conveyance, storage and distribution systems have been
designed and assessed in economic terms through the Net Present Value
within a Life Cycle Costing approach. The pipe water price that makes
RWH cost-efficient for each strategy has been obtained, ranging from
1.86 to 6.42€/m3. The results indicate that RWH strategies in
dense urban areas under Mediterranean conditions appear to be
economically advantageous only if carried out at the appropriate scale
in order to enable economies of scale, and considering the expected
evolution of water prices. However, not all strategies are considered
cost-efficient. Thus, it is necessary to choose the appropriate scale
for rainwater infrastructures in order to make them economically
feasible.